Adaton Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Poorly drained
• Permeability: Slow
• Parent material: Loamy sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Stream terraces
• Landform position: Flat to slightly concave slopes on nearly level surfaces
• Slope: 0 to 2 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic Endoaqualfs

Adaton soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Freest, Ichusa, Stough, and Urbo soils. The moderately well drained Freest soils are on summits and side slopes. The somewhat poorly drained, clayey Ichusa soils are on side slopes. The somewhat poorly drained Stough soils are in the slightly higher, more convex positions on stream terraces. The somewhat poorly drained, clayey Urbo soils are on flood plains.

Typical Pedon

Adaton silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes; in a wooded area about 6.5 miles north of Pineville; 1,650 feet north and 4,070 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 12, T. 4 N., R. 9 E; USGS Clear Creek topographic quadrangle; lat. 32 degrees 11 minutes 56 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 19 minutes 31 seconds W.

• A1—0 to 2 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• A2—2 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; common fine faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Btg1—6 to 28 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btg2—28 to 40 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct white (10YR 8/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; common medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btg3—40 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine faint white (10YR 8/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btg4—60 to 72 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine faint white (10YR 8/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and few fine and medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• BC—72 to 81 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silty clay loam; massive; firm; common fine and medium faint light gray (2.5Y 6/1) iron depletions; many fine, medium, and coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 60 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to 4
  • Redoximorphic features—few to many masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow and brown
• Btg horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 or 2
  • Texture—commonly silt loam or silty clay loam; silty clay in the lower part in some pedons
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron or clay depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown
• BC horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 or 2
  • Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown

Alaga Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Excessively drained
• Permeability: Rapid
• Parent material: Sandy sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Stream terraces
• Landform position: Convex slopes on summits and shoulder slopes
• Slope: 0 to 3 percent
• Taxonomic class: Thermic, coated Typic Quartzipsamments

Alaga soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Annemaine, Cahaba, and Jena soils. The moderately well drained, clayey Annemaine soils are in the slightly lower positions on stream terraces. The well drained, loamy Cahaba soils are in positions similar to those of the Alaga soils. The well drained, loamy Jena soils are on flood plains.

Typical Pedon

Alaga loamy fine sand, 0 to 3 percent slopes, rarely flooded; in a pasture about 1.8 miles north of Taylorsville; 50 feet south and 3,500 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 7, T. 10 N., R. 14 E.; USGS Taylorsville topographic quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 51 minutes 22 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 26 minutes 29 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 6 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) loamy fine sand; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• C1—6 to 11 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loamy fine sand; single grained; loose; few fine roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• C2—11 to 20 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) loamy fine sand; single grained; loose; few fine roots; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• C3—20 to 36 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) loamy fine sand; single grained; loose; few thin streaks of very pale brown (10YR 7/3) uncoated sand; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• C4—36 to 52 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) fine sand; single grained; loose; few fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• C5—52 to 80 inches; very pale brown (10YR 8/3) fine sand; single grained; loose; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Thickness of sandy material: More than 80 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout the profile, except in areas that have been limed
• Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 or 3
• C horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 8, and chroma of 3 to 8
  • Texture—loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand, or fine sand
  • Redoximorphic features—none to common masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown

Annemaine Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Moderately well drained
• Permeability: Slow
• Parent material: Stratified clayey and loamy sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Low stream terraces
• Landform position: Slightly convex slopes on nearly level terraces
• Slope: 0 to 2 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine, mixed, semiactive, thermic Aquic Hapludults

Annemaine soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Alaga, Cahaba, and Trebloc soils. The excessively drained, sandy Alaga soils are in the higher positions. The well drained, loamy Cahaba soils are in the slightly higher positions. The poorly drained Trebloc soils are in the lower positions.

Typical Pedon

Annemaine fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, rarely flooded; in a field about 6.7 miles north of Taylorsville; 1,100 feet west and 600 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 13, T. 1 N., R. 8 E.; USGS Center Ridge topographic quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 55 minutes 08 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 25 minutes 35 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 7 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; friable; common fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
• Bt1—7 to 20 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few medium distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions on faces of peds; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
• Bt2—20 to 26 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; few fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common medium distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions; common fine distinct red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt3—26 to 36 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sandy clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common fine and medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• BC—36 to 54 inches; 30 percent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4), 30 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), 20 percent yellowish red (5YR 5/6), and 20 percent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; areas of light brownish gray are iron depletions; areas of yellowish red, light yellowish brown, and brownish yellow are masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• C1—54 to 73 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy loam; massive; friable; common fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• C2—73 to 88 inches; strong brown (7.5 YR 5/6) sandy loam; massive; friable; common medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; few fine distinct yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 60 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid to slightly acid in the A horizon, except in areas that have been limed; very strongly acid or strongly acid in the Bt, BC, and C horizons
• Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 to 4
• Bt horizon:
  • Color—hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 6 to 8
  • Texture—clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay, or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—few to many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown
• BC horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 6 to 8; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of red, yellow, gray, and brown
  • Texture—sandy clay loam, loam, or clay loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown
• C horizon:
  • Color—hue of 2.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 5 to 8, and chroma of 3 to 8; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of red, yellow, brown, and gray
  • Texture—loamy sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy clay loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown

Bibb Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Poorly drained
• Permeability: Moderate
• Parent material: Stratified loamy and sandy fluvial sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain
• Landform: Flood plains
• Landform position: Flat to slightly concave slopes on low parts of flood plains
• Slope: 0 to 1 percent
• Taxonomic class: Coarse-loamy, siliceous, active, acid, thermic Typic Fluvaquents

Bibb soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Jena, Kirkville, Mantachie, Quitman, and Stough soils. The well drained Jena soils and the moderately well drained Kirkville soils are on the higher parts of natural levees. The somewhat poorly drained Mantachie soils are in the slightly higher positions on flood plains. The somewhat poorly drained Quitman and Stough soils are on low terraces.

Typical Pedon

Bibb fine sandy loam, frequently flooded; in a wooded area about 9.5 miles northeast of Taylorsville; 1,280 feet east and 250 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 24, T. 1 N., R. 9 E.; USGS Bay Springs topographic quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 54 minutes 13 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 20 minutes 03 seconds W.

• A—0 to 3 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; many fine and medium roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Ag—3 to 10 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and medium roots; common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation in root channels; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Cg—10 to 20 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loam; massive; friable; many fine roots; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Ab—20 to 26 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam; massive; friable; many fine roots and leaf fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Cgb1—26 to 40 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy loam; massive; very friable; common fine roots; few fine faint pale brown (10YR 6/3) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Cgb2—40 to 44 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loamy sand; massive; very friable; many fine roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Cgb3—44 to 48 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sand; single grained; loose; few fine roots; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Cgb4—48 to 80 inches; stratified light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sand and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loamy sand; massive; very friable; few fine roots; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 3
• Ag and Ab horizons:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 or 2
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow, red, and brown
• Cg horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 2 or less; or neutral in hue and value of 3 to 7
  • Texture—sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam in the upper part and loamy sand or sand in the lower part; thin strata of gravelly textures in some pedons
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown

Boswell Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Moderately well drained
• Permeability: Very slow
• Parent material: Clayey marine sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Ridges and hills
• Landform position: Summits, side slopes, and toeslopes
• Slope: 2 to 8 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine, mixed, active, thermic Vertic Paleudalfs

Boswell soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Freest, Savannah, Smithdale, and Sweatman soils. The Freest and Savannah soils are in the higher positions and are fine-loamy. The well drained Smithdale soils are in positions similar to those of the Boswell soils and are fine-loamy. The well drained Sweatman soils are in positions similar to those of the Boswell soils at higher elevations.

Typical Pedon

Boswell loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, eroded; in a wooded area about 5.5 miles north of Raleigh; 900 feet east and 2,500 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 23, T. 3 N., R. 7 E.; USGS Raleigh topographic quadrangle; lat. 32 degrees 05 minutes 01 second N. and long. 89 degrees 33 minutes 24 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 2 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable; many fine and few medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Bt1—2 to 7 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; many fine and few medium roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Bt2—7 to 15 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine and medium roots; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt3—15 to 23 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; strong medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine and few medium roots; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; many medium distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt4—23 to 28 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; strong medium angular blocky structure; firm; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; many fine, medium, and coarse prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt5—28 to 39 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay; strong medium angular blocky structure; firm; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; many fine and medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt6—39 to 45 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay; strong medium angular blocky structure; firm; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; many fine and medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btss1—45 to 50 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay; strong medium angular blocky structure; firm; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; few intersecting slickensides; many fine and coarse prominent red (2.5YR 4/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btss2—50 to 63 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; moderate medium angular blocky structure; firm; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; few intersecting slickensides; many fine and medium prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btss3—63 to 73 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; firm; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; common intersecting slickensides; few fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; many fine and medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• BC—73 to 77 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to moderate medium angular blocky and weak medium platy structure; very firm; common intersecting slickensides; common fine and medium prominent red (2.5YR 5/6) and common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• C—77 to 93 inches; light gray (2.5Y 7/2) clay; weak thin platy structure; firm; few fine distinct greenish gray (5G 5/1) iron depletions; common medium prominent reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6), common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), and few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 60 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 3
• E horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 or 4
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam
• Bt horizon (upper part):
  • Color—hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6
  • Texture—clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—none to common iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown, red, and gray
• Bt horizon (lower part) and Btss horizon:
  • Color—hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of brown, red, gray, and yellow
  • Texture—clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown, red, and yellow
• BC or C horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 3
  • Texture—silty clay or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown

Cahaba Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Well drained
• Permeability: Moderate
• Parent material: Loamy and sandy fluvial sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Low stream terraces
• Landform position: Convex slopes on nearly level surfaces
• Slope: 0 to 2 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Typic Hapludults

Cahaba soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Alaga, Annemaine, and Trebloc soils. The excessively drained, sandy Alaga soils are in positions similar to those of the Cahaba soils at slightly higher elevations. The moderately well drained, clayey Annemaine soils are in the slightly lower, less convex positions. The poorly drained Trebloc soils are in the lower positions.

Typical Pedon

Cahaba fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, rarely flooded; in a pasture about 8.5 miles north of Taylorsville; 1,350 feet east and 2,375 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 6, T. 1 N., R. 9 E.; USGS Center Ridge topographic quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 57 minutes 17 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 25 minutes 06 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 5 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; friable; many fine roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• AB—5 to 10 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Bt1—10 to 36 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
• Bt2—36 to 45 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; few fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
• C1—45 to 68 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) loamy sand; single grained; loose; common medium distinct very pale brown (10YR 7/3) streaks of clean sand; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• C2—68 to 81 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) fine sand; single grained; loose; common fine distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: 36 to 60 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 to 4
• AB or BA horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 6
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam
• Bt horizon:
  • Color—hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 6 to 8
  • Texture—loam, sandy loam, or clay loam
• C horizon:
  • Color—hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 4 to 8
  • Texture—sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, and fine sandy loam
  • Redoximorphic features—few or common iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow and brown

Freest Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Moderately well drained
• Permeability: Slow
• Parent material: Loamy and clayey sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Ridges
• Landform position: Summits, shoulder slopes, and side slopes
• Slope: 2 to 8 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine-loamy, siliceous, active, thermic Aquic Paleudalfs

Freest soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Adaton, Boswell, Maytag, Ichusa, and Savannah soils. The poorly drained Adaton soils are on low terraces. The Boswell soils are on the lower slopes and have a clayey argillic horizon. The Maytag soils are in the lower positions and have a clayey, alkaline cambic horizon. The somewhat poorly drained Ichusa soils are also in the lower positions and have a clayey argillic horizon. The Savannah soils are in positions similar to those of the Freest soils at higher elevations and have a fragipan.

Typical Pedon

Freest fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes; in a wooded area about 5 miles northeast of Pineville; 3,700 feet east and 500 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 10, T. 4 N., R. 9 E.; USGS Clear Springs topographic quadrangle; lat. 32 degrees 11 minutes 44 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 21 minutes 36 seconds W.

• A—0 to 6 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• E—6 to 8 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Bt1—8 to 17 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few fine pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation with clear boundaries within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt2—17 to 27 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine pores; many medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions with clear boundaries within the matrix; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation with clear boundaries within the matrix; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Btg1—27 to 33 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few fine prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation with clear boundaries within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btg2—33 to 41 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common distinct white (10YR 8/2) clay depletions on vertical faces of prisms; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and few fine prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation with clear boundaries within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btg3—41 to 53 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; common fine roots; many distinct clay films on faces of peds; common distinct white (10YR 8/2) clay depletions on vertical faces of prisms; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and few fine prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation with clear boundaries within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btg4—53 to 62 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay; moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation with clear boundaries within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btg5—62 to 72 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay; moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; firm; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine black concretions of iron and manganese oxides; many medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and common fine distinct brown (10YR 4/3) masses of iron accumulation with clear boundaries within the matrix; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• BC—72 to 81 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to weak medium platy structure; firm; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct grooved and polished faces; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions with clear boundaries on faces of slickensides; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulation with clear boundaries within the matrix; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 60 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid in the A horizon, except in areas that have been limed, and in the E horizon, the Bt horizon, and the upper part of the Btg horizon; very strongly acid to neutral in the lower part of the Btg horizon and in the BC horizon
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 or 3
• E horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4
  • Texture—sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam
• Bt horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4 to 8
  • Texture—loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam
  • Redoximorphic features—few or common iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow and brown
• Btg horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 or 2; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of red, yellow, brown, and gray
  • Texture—clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown
• BC horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 to 6; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of red, yellow, and brown
  • Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown

Heidel Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Well drained
• Permeability: Moderate
• Parent material: Loamy sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Ridges and hills
• Landform position: Side slopes and backslopes
• Slope: 8 to 35 percent
• Taxonomic class: Coarse-loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic Typic Paleudults

Heidel soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Ruston, Smithdale, and Sweatman soils. The Ruston soils are on summits of ridges and are fine-loamy. The Smithdale soils are in positions similar to those of the Heidel soils and are fine-loamy. The Sweatman soils are in positions similar to those of the Heidel soils and have a clayey argillic horizon.

Typical Pedon

Heidel sandy loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes; in a wooded area about 4 miles south of Sylvarena; 800 feet east and 750 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 5, T. 1 N., R. 9 E.; USGS Center Ridge topographic quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 56 minutes 55 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 23 minutes 29 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 6 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• E—6 to 9 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; common fine roots; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
• Bt1—9 to 30 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; few fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt2—30 to 55 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/8) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt3—55 to 80 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few thin streaks of uncoated sand; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 60 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or 3
• E horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4
  • Texture—sandy loam or loamy sand
• Bt horizon:
  • Color—hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 6 to 8
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam

Ichusa Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
• Permeability: Very slow
• Parent material: Clayey marine sediments
• Landscape: Jackson Prairie uplands
• Landform: Ridges
• Landform position: Side slopes and shoulder slopes
• Slope: 2 to 8 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine, smectitic, thermic Aquic Dystruderts

Ichusa soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Adaton, Freest, Louin, Leeper, Maytag, and Urbo soils. The poorly drained, loamy Adaton soils are on low terraces. The moderately well drained, loamy Freest soils are on summits of ridges. The Louin soils are on nearly level summits and have hue of 10YR or yellower throughout the subsoil. The Leeper and Urbo soils are on flood plains and are subject to flooding. The moderately well drained Maytag soils are in positions similar to those of the Ichusa soil and are alkaline throughout.

Typical Pedon

Ichusa silty clay loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes; on a microknoll in a wooded area about 4.9 miles northeast of Pineville; 1,900 feet north and 1,350 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 10, T. 4 N., R. 9 E.; USGS Clear Springs topographic quadrangle; lat. 32 degrees 11 minutes 56 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 22 minutes 05 seconds W.

• A—0 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silty clay loam; weak fine and medium granular structure; friable, sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and medium roots; few worm channels; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• AB—4 to 11 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky and angular blocky structure; firm, sticky and plastic; few fine pores; many fine and few medium roots; many medium distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) and few medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Btss1—11 to 31 inches; 40 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), 30 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4), 20 percent red (2.5YR 5/8), and 10 percent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to strong fine and medium angular blocky; firm, very sticky and plastic; few fine pores; common fine roots; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; common faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; areas of light brownish gray are iron depletions; areas of yellowish brown, red, and yellowish red are masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Btss2—31 to 40 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to strong fine and medium angular blocky structure; very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 4 to 7 inches wide and 0.5 to 1.5 inches deep; common faint clay films on faces of peds; many medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Bkss1—40 to 53 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to strong fine and medium angular blocky structure; very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 4 to 7 inches wide and 0.5 to 1.5 inches deep; many fine distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions; few fine nodules of calcium carbonate; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Bkss2—53 to 80 inches; 30 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8), 25 percent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), 25 percent grayish brown (10YR 5/2), and 20 percent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to strong fine and medium angular blocky structure; very firm, very sticky and very plastic; few fine roots; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 4 to 7 inches wide and 0.5 to 1.5 inches deep; few fine nodules of calcium carbonate; many medium distinct dark gray (10YR 4/1) iron depletions on faces of slickensides; areas of light brownish gray and grayish brown are iron depletions; areas of yellowish brown and brownish yellow are masses of iron accumulation; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 60 inches
• Depth to alkaline soil material: 30 to 60 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid in the A horizon, except in areas that have been limed, and in the AB horizon and the upper part of the Btss horizon; very strongly acid to moderately acid in the lower part of the Btss horizon; slightly acid to moderately alkaline in the Bkss horizon
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 to 4
• AB or BA horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4
  • Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown, yellow, and red
• Btss horizon:
  • Color—commonly no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of brown, gray, red, and olive; or hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8
  • Texture—silty clay or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow, red, and brown
• Bkss horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 to 6; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of brown, olive, gray, and yellow
  • Texture—silty clay or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—few to many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow, olive, and brown

Jena Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Well drained
• Permeability: Moderate
• Parent material: Loamy fluvial sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain
• Landform: Flood plains
• Landform position: Convex slopes on natural levees
• Slope: 0 to 2 percent
• Taxonomic class: Coarse-loamy, siliceous, active, thermic Fluventic Dystrochrepts

Jena soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Alaga, Bibb, Cahaba, Kirkville, and Mantachie soils. The excessively drained, sandy Alaga soils are on terraces at the higher elevations. The poorly drained Bibb soils are in the lower, concave positions on flood plains. The Cahaba soils are on terraces at the higher elevations and have a loamy argillic horizon. The moderately well drained Kirkville soils are in the slightly lower positions on natural levees. The somewhat poorly drained Mantachie soils are in the lower positions on flood plains.

Typical Pedon

Jena fine sandy loam, occasionally flooded; in a wooded area about 4.25 miles west of Taylorsville; 2,250 feet east and 850 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 16, T. 10 N., R. 15 W.; USGS Mize topographic quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 49 minutes 46 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 30 minutes 47 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 6 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; friable; many fine and common medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Bw1—6 to 27 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Bw2—27 to 45 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• C1—45 to 53 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy loam; massive; very friable; few fine roots; few fine distinct gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• C2—53 to 81 inches; 40 percent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4), 30 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), and 30 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy loam; massive; very friable; few thin strata of loamy sand; areas of yellowish brown are masses of iron accumulation; areas of light brownish gray are iron depletions; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: 30 to 65 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 to 4
• Bw horizon:
  • Color—hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam
• C horizon:
  • Color—hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of brown and gray
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loamy fine sand
  • Redoximorphic features (if they occur)—iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow and brown

Kirkville Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Moderately well drained
• Permeability: Moderate
• Parent material: Loamy fluvial sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain
• Landform: Flood plains
• Landform position: Convex slopes on natural levees
• Slope: 0 to 2 percent
• Taxonomic class: Coarse-loamy, siliceous, active, thermic Fluvaquentic Dystrochrepts

Kirkville soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Bibb, Jena, Mantachie, Quitman, and Stough soils. The poorly drained Bibb soils are in flat or concave positions on natural levees and in backswamps. The well drained Jena soils are in the slightly higher positions on natural levees. The somewhat poorly drained Mantachie soils are in the lower positions on flood plains. The somewhat poorly drained Quitman and Stough soils are on low terraces.

Typical Pedon

Kirkville fine sandy loam, occasionally flooded; in a wooded area about 12 miles west of Raleigh; 1,700 feet west and 1,120 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 18, T. 3 N., R. 6 E.; USGS White Oak topographic quadrangle; lat. 32 degrees 06 minutes 07 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 43 minutes 06 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 5 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; moderate fine and medium granular structure; friable; common fine and few medium roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Bw1—5 to 14 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Bw2—14 to 29 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bg1—29 to 48 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bg2—48 to 80 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: 30 to more than 60 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 to 4
• Bw horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 to 8
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam
  • Redoximorphic features—none to common iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown and red
• Bg horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 or 2
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or sandy clay loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown and red

Leeper Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
• Permeability: Very slow
• Parent material: Clayey fluvial sediments
• Landscape: Jackson Prairie
• Landform: Flood plains
• Landform position: Flat to slightly concave slopes in backswamps
• Slope: 0 to 2 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine, smectitic, nonacid, thermic Vertic Epiaquepts

Leeper soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Ichusa, Louin, Maytag, Una, and Urbo soils. The Ichusa, Louin, and Maytag soils are on uplands adjacent to areas of the Leeper soils and are not subject to flooding. The poorly drained Una soils are in the slightly lower positions on flood plains. The Urbo soils are in positions similar to those of the Leeper soils and are more acid throughout.

Typical Pedon

Leeper clay loam, occasionally flooded; in a pasture about 5.25 miles east of Raleigh; 2,200 feet east and 1,050 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 12, T. 2 N., R. 8 E.; USGS Louin SW topographic quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 01 minute 51 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 25 minutes 58 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 6 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay loam; strong fine and medium granular structure; firm; common fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
• Bw—6 to 19 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.
• Bg1—19 to 28 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; common medium distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) iron depletions; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bg2—28 to 41 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) silty clay; moderate medium angular blocky structure; firm; few pressure faces; common medium distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) manganese stains on faces of peds; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and few fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
• Cg1—41 to 60 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; firm; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; few medium distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) manganese stains on faces of peds; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
• Cg2—60 to 67 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; very firm; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; common fine, medium, and coarse nodules of calcium carbonate; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; many fine, medium, and coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
• Cg3—67 to 89 inches; light gray (10YR 7/1) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; firm; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; common fine, medium, and coarse nodules of calcium carbonate; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; many fine, medium, and coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: 40 to more than 60 inches
• Reaction: Slightly acid to slightly alkaline in the A or Ap horizon and neutral to moderately alkaline in the Bw, Bg, and Cg horizons
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1 to 3
• Bw horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4, and chroma of 2; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of brown and gray
  • Texture—clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—few or common iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown
• Bg horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 or 2
  • Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, clay loam, or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow, red, and brown
• Cg horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of red, yellow, brown, and gray
  • Texture—silty clay or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—iron depletions in shades of gray and iron accumulations in shades of red, yellow, and brown

Louin Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
• Permeability: Very slow
• Parent material: Clayey marine sediments
• Landscape: Jackson Prairie uplands
• Landform: Ridges
• Landform position: Nearly level summits on broad ridges
• Slope: 0 to 2 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine, smectitic, thermic Aquic Dystruderts

Louin soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Ichusa, Leeper, Maytag, and Urbo soils. The Ichusa soils are on side slopes and commonly have hue of 7.5YR or redder in the upper part of the subsoil. The Leeper and Urbo soils are on flood plains and are subject to flooding. The moderately well drained Maytag soils are in the higher positions and are alkaline throughout.

Typical Pedon

Louin silty clay, 0 to 2 percent slopes; on a microknoll in a wooded area about 5 miles north of Pineville; 450 feet east and 2,350 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 3, T. 4 N., R. 9 E.; USGS Clear Springs topographic quadrangle; lat. 32 degrees 12 minutes 53 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 22 minutes 15 seconds W.

• A—0 to 3 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silty clay; moderate fine and medium granular structure; friable; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Bt—3 to 14 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay; strong medium angular and subangular blocky structure; firm; many fine and common medium roots; common pressure faces; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; many fine and medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; few medium distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Btss—14 to 23 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; firm; common fine and medium roots; common pressure faces; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 2 to 6 inches across and 0.25 to 0.75 inch deep; many fine, medium, and coarse distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bssg—23 to 49 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; very firm; few fine roots; common pressure faces; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 2 to 6 inches across and 0.25 to 0.75 inch deep; many fine, medium, and coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bkss1—49 to 70 inches; 50 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), 30 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), and 20 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; very firm; few fine roots; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 2 to 6 inches across and 0.25 to 0.75 inch deep; few fine nodules of calcium carbonate; areas of light brownish gray are iron depletions; areas of strong brown and yellowish brown are masses of iron accumulation; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bkss2—70 to 75 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to strong fine and medium angular blocky structure; very firm; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 2 to 6 inches across and 0.25 to 0.75 inch deep; few fine nodules of calcium carbonate; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; common fine and medium distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; few fine and medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
• C—75 to 82 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; very firm; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 2 to 6 inches across and 0.25 to 0.75 inch deep; few fine crystals of calcium carbonate; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; common fine and medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions; common medium distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: 38 to more than 60 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid in the A or Ap horizon, except in areas where lime has been applied; very strongly acid or strongly acid in the Bt, Btss, and Bssg horizons; moderately acid to slightly alkaline in the Bkss and C horizons
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 to 4
• Bt and Btss horizons:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 6; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of brown and gray
  • Texture—silty clay or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—few to many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow or brown
• Bssg horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of gray, yellow, and brown
  • Texture—silty clay or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and iron accumulations in shades of yellow and brown
• Bkss horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 to 6; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of brown and olive
  • Texture—silty clay or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown and yellow
  • Other features—few or common nodules, concretions, or crystals of calcium carbonate
• C horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4 to 6; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of brown and gray
  • Texture—clay or silty clay
  • Redoximorphic features—few or common iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow, olive, and brown
  • Other features—few or common nodules, concretions, or crystals of calcium carbonate

Mantachie Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
• Permeability: Moderate
• Parent material: Loamy fluvial sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain
• Landform: Flood plains
• Landform position: Flat to slightly concave slopes on the lower parts of natural levees
• Slope: 0 to 2 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine-loamy, siliceous, active, acid, thermic Aeric Endoaquepts

Mantachie soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Bibb, Jena, and Kirkville soils. The poorly drained Bibb soils are in the slightly lower positions on flood plains. The well drained Jena soils and the moderately well drained Kirkville soils are in the slightly higher positions on natural levees.

Typical Pedon

Mantachie silt loam, frequently flooded; in a wooded area about 8.5 miles southwest of Raleigh; 1,400 feet south and 1,000 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 12, T. 1 N., R. 6 E.; USGS Magee topographic quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 56 minutes 31 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 38 minutes 29 seconds W.

• A—0 to 3 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; friable; many fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Bw—3 to 11 inches; 40 percent grayish brown (10YR 5/2), 30 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6), and 30 percent brown (10YR 5/3) loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few medium and common fine roots; areas of grayish brown are iron depletions; areas of dark yellowish brown and brown are masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Bg1—11 to 25 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; many medium distinct light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) and common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bg2—25 to 40 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and common medium faint light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Cg1—40 to 68 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) clay loam; massive; friable; many fine and medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Cg2—68 to 82 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) sandy clay loam; massive; friable; common fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; common fine and medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: 30 to 65 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid in the A horizon, except in areas that have been limed, and in the B horizon; very strongly acid to slightly acid in the C horizon
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to 4
• Bw horizon:
  • Color—commonly no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of gray, yellow, and brown; or hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 to 6
  • Texture—loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow and brown
• Bg horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2
  • Texture—loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown
• Cg horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 or 2
  • Texture—loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow, red, and brown

Maytag Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Moderately well drained
• Permeability: Slow
• Parent material: Alkaline clay
• Landscape: Jackson Prairie uplands
• Landform: Ridges
• Landform position: Summits, shoulder slopes, and side slopes on broad ridges
• Slope: 1 to 8 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine, smectitic, thermic Oxyaquic Hapluderts

Maytag soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Freest, Ichusa, Leeper, and Louin soils. The Freest soils are in the higher positions and are fine-loamy. The somewhat poorly drained Ichusa soils are in positions similar to those of the Maytag soils and are acid in the upper part of the subsoil. The somewhat poorly drained Leeper soils are on flood plains and are subject to flooding. The somewhat poorly drained Louin soils are in the lower positions and are acid in the upper part of the subsoil.

Typical Pedon

Maytag silty clay, 1 to 8 percent slopes; in a wooded area about 4 miles northeast of Pineville; 1,900 feet east and 1,850 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 23, T. 4 N., R. 9 E.; USGS Clear Springs topographic quadrangle; lat. 32 degrees 10 minutes 11 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 20 minutes 56 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 6 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silty clay; strong medium and coarse granular structure; firm, slightly sticky and plastic; many fine roots; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
• AB—6 to 11 inches; 50 percent dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) and 50 percent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) silty clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium and coarse angular blocky; firm; common fine roots; common pressure faces; common fine soft masses of calcium carbonate; few fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions along root channels; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
• Bkss1—11 to 17 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse angular blocky; firm; common fine roots; common pressure faces; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 1 to 3 inches wide and .25 to 1.5 inches deep; common fine nodules of calcium carbonate; many distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) iron depletions on faces of peds; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
• Bkss2—17 to 29 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to moderate fine and coarse angular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common pressure faces; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 1 to 3 inches wide and .25 to 1.5 inches deep; common fine nodules of calcium carbonate; many fine and medium prominent reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulation; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bkss3—29 to 34 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/3) silty clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to moderate fine and medium angular blocky structure; very firm; few fine roots; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 1 to 3 inches wide and .25 to 1.5 inches deep; many fine and medium nodules of calcium carbonate; many medium and coarse distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulation; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bkss4—34 to 52 inches; pale yellow (2.5Y 7/3) clay; large wedge-shaped aggregates parting to strong fine and medium angular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 1 to 3 inches wide and .25 to 1.5 inches deep; many fine nodules of calcium carbonate; few fossil shells; many medium and coarse prominent reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulation; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bkss5—52 to 68 inches; 40 percent pale yellow (2.5Y 7/3), 35 percent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8), and 25 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay; large wedge-shaped fragments parting to strong fine and medium angular blocky structure; firm; common large intersecting slickensides that have distinct polished and grooved surfaces; grooves are 1 to 3 inches wide and .25 to 1.5 inches deep; few thin shell fossils; many fine nodules of calcium carbonate; areas of brownish yellow and strong brown are masses of iron accumulation; violently effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
• C—68 to 82 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) clay; weak medium and thick platy rock structure; very firm; few fossil shells; many fine nodules of calcium carbonate; few medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions; many fine, medium, and coarse prominent reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) and many medium and coarse distinct light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) masses of iron accumulation on faces of peds; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 60 inches
• Reaction: Neutral to moderately alkaline throughout the profile
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to 4
• AB or BA horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 4
  • Texture—clay or silty clay
  • Redoximorphic features—none to common iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown
• Bkss horizon: (upper part)
  • Color—hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8
  • Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—few to many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow, brown, and olive
• Bkss horizon (lower part):
  • Color—hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 6; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of yellow, brown, olive, or gray
  • Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—few to many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow, brown, and olive
• C horizon:
  • Color—hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 6
  • Texture—silty clay or clay
  • Redoximorphic features (if they occur)—few to many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow, brown, and olive

Ora Series

• Depth class: Moderately deep to a root restricting fragipan
• Drainage class: Moderately well drained
• Permeability: Moderately slow
• Parent material: Loamy sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Ridges
• Landform position: Summits, shoulder slopes, and side slopes
• Slope: 2 to 8 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Typic Fragiudults

Ora soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Savannah, Smithdale, and Sweatman soils. The Savannah soils have hue of 7.5YR or yellower in the subsoil and are in positions similar to those of the Ora soils at lower elevations. The Smithdale soils are on side slopes at the lower elevations and do not have a fragipan. The Sweatman soils are on side slopes at the lower elevations and have a clayey argillic horizon.

Typical Pedon

Ora fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes; in a pasture about 6 miles west of Mize; 2,800 feet west and 2,400 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 35, T. 1 N., R. 6 E.; USGS Magee topographic quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 52 minutes 51 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 39 minutes 14 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 2 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and common medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• E—2 to 7 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine and common medium roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Bt1—7 to 15 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and common medium and coarse roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Bt2—15 to 25 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/8) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and few medium roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Btx1—25 to 36 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure; very firm; compact and brittle in about 70 percent of the volume; few fine and medium roots; many fine pores; common distinct clay films on vertical faces of peds; prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay depletions in thin seams between prisms; many fine and medium distinct red (2.5YR 5/6) and common fine and medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btx2—36 to 48 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure; very firm; compact and brittle in more than 60 percent of the volume; many fine pores; common distinct clay films in pores and on vertical faces of peds; prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay depletions in thin seams between prisms; common fine and medium distinct red (2.5YR 4/6) and common medium and coarse prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btx3—48 to 66 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) sandy loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure; very firm; compact and brittle in about 50 percent of the volume; few faint clay films on vertical faces of peds; prominent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay depletions in thin seams between prisms; common fine, medium, and coarse distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• BC—66 to 84 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sandy clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few streaks and pockets of uncoated sand; many medium and coarse distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 80 inches
• Depth to fragipan: 20 to 38 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or 3
• E horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4
  • Texture—sandy loam or fine sandy loam
• Bt horizon:
  • Color—hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 8
  • Texture—clay loam, sandy clay loam, or loam
  • Redoximorphic features—few or common iron depletions in shades of brown and gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow and brown
• Btx horizon:
  • Color—hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8
  • Texture—sandy clay loam, loam, or sandy loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of brown and gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown
• BC horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 5YR to 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8
  • Texture—clay loam, sandy clay loam, loam, or sandy loam
  • Redoximorphic features—few to many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown

Prentiss Series

• Depth class: Moderately deep to a root restricting fragipan
• Drainage class: Moderately well drained
• Permeability: Moderately slow
• Parent material: Loamy sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: High stream terraces
• Landform position: Convex slopes on broad, nearly level summits
• Slope: 0 to 2 percent
• Taxonomic class: Coarse-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Glossic Fragiudults

Prentiss soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Quitman, Savannah, and Stough soils. The somewhat poorly drained Quitman and Stough soils are in the lower, less convex positions. The Savannah soils are in positions similar to those of the Prentiss soils and are fine-loamy.

Typical Pedon

Prentiss fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes; in an idle field about 7.75 miles north of Taylorsville; 1,225 feet north and 950 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 12, T. 1 N., R. 8 E.; USGS Center Ridge topographic quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 56 minutes 07 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 25 minutes 33 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Bt1—8 to 15 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt2—15 to 20 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Btx1—20 to 35 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure; very firm; compact and brittle in more than 70 percent of the mass; many fine pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds; distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) clay depletions in thin seams between prisms; common medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions within the matrix; few medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btx2—35 to 49 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure; firm; compact and brittle in more than 60 percent of the mass; many fine pores; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; common distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) clay depletions in seams between prisms; many fine and medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions within the matrix; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btx3—49 to 61 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sandy loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure; very firm; compact and brittle in about 45 percent of the mass; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; common distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) clay depletions in seams between prisms; many fine and medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions within the matrix; common fine and medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btx4—61 to 81 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) sandy loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure; firm; compact and brittle in about 40 percent of the mass; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; common distinct light gray (10YR 7/1) clay depletions in seams between prisms; many fine and medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and few fine prominent red (2.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 60 inches
• Depth to fragipan: 20 to 32 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 to 4
• Bt horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4 to 6
  • Texture—loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam
  • Redoximorphic features (if they occur)—iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow and brown
• Btx horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 to 6; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of yellow, brown, gray, and red
  • Texture—loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam
  • Redoximorphic features (if they occur)—common or many iron or clay depletions in shades of brown and gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown

Quitman Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
• Permeability: Moderately slow
• Parent material: Loamy sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Low stream terraces
• Landform position: Flat to slightly concave slopes on broad, nearly level surfaces
• Slope: 0 to 2 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Aquic Paleudults

Quitman soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Bibb, Mantachie, Prentiss, Savannah, and Stough soils. The poorly drained Bibb soils are on low parts of flood plains. The somewhat poorly drained Mantachie soils are on intermediate parts of flood plains. The moderately well drained Prentiss and Savannah soils have a fragipan and are in the slightly higher, more convex positions. The Stough soils are in positions similar to those of the Quitman soils and have more strongly expressed fragic properties.

Typical Pedon

Quitman fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded; in a wooded area about 2.25 miles east of Pineville; 2,100 feet east and 100 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 10, T. 3 N., R. 9 E.; USGS Louin topographic quadrangle; lat. 32 degrees 07 minutes 14 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 21 minutes 57 seconds W.

• A—0 to 4 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; friable; common medium and many fine roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• E—4 to 6 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine and common medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Bt—6 to 14 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and few medium roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few white (10YR 8/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions within the matrix; many fine and medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btx—14 to 32 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam; weak coarse prismatic structure; firm; compact and brittle in about 15 percent of the volume; few fine and medium roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; few distinct white (10YR 8/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many fine and medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) and common medium distinct light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) masses of iron accumulation within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btxg1—32 to 44 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loam; weak coarse prismatic structure; friable; compact and brittle in about 15 percent of the volume; few fine and medium roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; few fine distinct white (10YR 8/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btxg2—44 to 55 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; compact and brittle in about 10 percent of the volume; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine concretions of iron and manganese oxides; common faint white (10YR 8/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• BC—55 to 80 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; many medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 60 inches
• Depth to fragic properties: 10 to 20 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1 to 3
• E horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 4
  • Texture—fine sandy loam or loam
• Bt and Btx horizons:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 to 8
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, loam, or sandy clay loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron or clay depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of yellow and brown
• Btxg horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 or 2; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of yellow, gray, and brown
  • Texture—loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron or clay depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown
• BC horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 to 4; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of yellow, gray, and brown
  • Texture—loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown

Ruston Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Well drained
• Permeability: Moderate
• Parent material: Loamy sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Ridges
• Landform position: Summits, shoulder slopes, and side slopes
• Slope: 0 to 8 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine-loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic Typic Paleudults

Ruston soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Heidel, Ora, Savannah, Smithdale, and Sweatman soils. The Heidel soils are on side slopes and are coarse-loamy. The moderately well drained Ora and Savannah soils are in positions similar to those of the Ruston soils and have a fragipan. The Smithdale soils are on side slopes and have a significant decrease in content of clay within a depth of 60 inches. The Sweatman soils are on side slopes and have a clayey argillic horizon.

Typical Pedon

Ruston fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes; in an idle field about 3 miles east of Taylorsville; 1,375 feet west and 2,150 feet north of the southeast corner of sec. 14, T. 10 N., R. 14 W.; USGS Soso topographic quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 50 minutes 03 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 22 minutes 18 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 6 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; common fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Bt1—6 to 20 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
• Bt2—20 to 28 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few medium distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation; the masses are relict redoximorphic features; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
• B/E—28 to 45 inches; 85 percent yellowish red (5YR 5/8) fine sandy loam (B); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 15 percent light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) fine sandy loam (E); weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; very strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.
• B´t1—45 to 62 inches; red (2.5YR 5/8) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• B´t2—62 to 81 inches; red (2.5YR 5/6) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 60 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 to 4
• E horizon (if it occurs) and E part of B/E horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 3 or 4
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loamy sand
• Bt horizon and B part of B/E horizon:
  • Color—hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 6 to 8
  • Texture—clay loam, sandy clay loam, or loam
  • Relict redoximorphic features (if they occur)—masses of iron accumulation in shades of red and brown
• B´t horizon:
  • Color—hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 6 to 8
  • Texture—loam, sandy clay loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or clay loam
  • Relict redoximorphic features (if they occur)—iron depletions in shades of brown and gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown

Savannah Series

• Depth class: Moderately deep to a root restricting fragipan
• Drainage class: Moderately well drained
• Permeability: Moderately slow
• Parent material: Loamy sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Ridges and high stream terraces
• Landform position: Summits, shoulder slopes, and side slopes
• Slope: 0 to 8 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Typic Fragiudults

Savannah soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Ora, Prentiss, Quitman, and Stough soils. The Ora soils are in positions similar to those of the Savannah soils and have a reddish argillic horizon. The Prentiss soils are in positions similar to those of the Savannah soils and are coarse-loamy. The somewhat poorly drained Quitman and Stough soils are in the lower, less convex positions on terraces.

Typical Pedon

Savannah fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes; in a pasture about 3.5 miles northeast of Sylvarena; 1,900 feet west and 550 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 12, T. 2 N., R. 9 E.; USGS Louin topographic quadrangle; lat. 32 degrees 01 minute 59 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 19 minutes 43 seconds W.

• Ap—0 to 8 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• E—8 to 12 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Bt—12 to 18 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common fine pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btx1—18 to 35 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure; very firm; compact and brittle in about 65 percent of the volume; many fine pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions within the matrix; many medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btx2—35 to 47 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure; very firm; compact and brittle in about 65 percent of the volume; common distinct clay films in pores and on faces of peds; many fine pores; distinct gray (10YR 6/1) clay depletions in thin seams between prisms; many medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions within the matrix; common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and few medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btx3—47 to 72 inches; 40 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2), 30 percent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8), 20 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), and 10 percent red (2.5YR 4/8) clay loam; moderate very coarse prismatic structure; firm; compact and brittle in about 60 percent of the volume; few distinct clay films on faces of peds; distinct gray (10YR 6/1) clay depletions in thin seams between prisms between prisms; areas of light brownish gray are iron depletions; areas of red, brownish yellow, and strong brown are masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• BC—72 to 83 inches; 70 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and 30 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few faint gray (10YR 6/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; common medium prominent light red (2.5YR 6/6) masses of iron accumulation within the matrix; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 50 inches
• Depth to fragipan: 18 to 30 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• Ap or A horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 to 4 or hue of 10YR, value of 5, and chroma of 3 or 4
• E horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 4
  • Texture—loam or fine sandy loam
• Bt horizon:
  • Color—hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5, and chroma of 4 to 8
  • Texture—sandy clay loam, clay loam, or loam
• Btx horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4 to 8; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of red, yellow, gray, and brown
  • Texture—sandy clay loam, clay loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron or clay depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown
• BC horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4 to 8; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of red, yellow, gray, and brown
  • Texture—sandy clay loam, clay loam, loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam
  • Redoximorphic features—common or many iron or clay depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red, yellow, and brown

Smithdale Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Well drained
• Permeability: Moderate
• Parent material: Loamy sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Ridges and hills
• Landform position: Side slopes and backslopes
• Slope: 8 to 40 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine-loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic Typic Hapludults

Smithdale soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Heidel, Ora, Ruston, Savannah, and Sweatman soils. The Heidel soils are in positions similar to those of the Smithdale soils and are coarse-loamy. The moderately well drained Ora and Savannah soils are on summits of ridges and have a fragipan. The Ruston soils are on broad summits and shoulders of ridges and do not have a significant decrease in clay content within a depth of 60 inches. The Sweatman soils are in positions similar to those of the Smithdale soils and have a clayey argillic horizon.

Typical Pedon

Smithdale fine sandy loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes; in a wooded area about 5.75 miles north of Mize; 1,500 feet north and 2,400 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 8, T. 1 N., R. 7 E.; USGS Cohay topographic quadrangle; lat. 31 degrees 56 minutes 07 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 36 minutes 06 seconds W.

• A—0 to 5 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• E—5 to 10 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine and common medium roots; few quartz pebbles; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt1—10 to 23 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and few medium roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt2—23 to 40 inches; red (2.5YR 4/8) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt3—40 to 64 inches; red (2.5YR 5/6) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; the masses of iron accumulation are relict redoximorphic features; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt4—64 to 84 inches; red (2.5YR 5/8) sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few rounded quartz pebbles; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 60 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1 to 3
• E horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4
  • Texture—fine sandy loam or sandy loam
• Bt horizon:
  • Color—hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 6 to 8
  • Texture—clay loam, sandy clay loam, or loam in the upper part and loam or sandy loam in the lower part
  • Relict redoximorphic features (if they occur)—masses of iron accumulation in shades of red and brown

Stough Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained
• Permeability: Moderately slow
• Parent material: Loamy sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Low stream terraces
• Landform position: Slightly concave slopes on broad, nearly level surfaces
• Slope: 0 to 2 percent
• Taxonomic class: Coarse-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Fragiaquic Paleudults

Stough soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Adaton, Prentiss, Quitman, Savannah, and Trebloc soils. The poorly drained Adaton and Trebloc soils are in the slightly lower positions. The moderately well drained Prentiss and Savannah soils are in the higher, more convex positions. The fine-loamy Quitman soils are in positions similar to those of the Stough soils.

Typical Pedon

Stough fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded; in a wooded area about 2.5 miles southwest of Pineville; 2,600 feet east and 1,450 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 17, T. 3 N., R. 8 E.; USGS Louin SW topographic quadrangle; lat. 32 degrees 06 minutes 37 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 25 minutes 55 seconds W.

• A—0 to 3 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine and medium roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• E—3 to 6 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many fine and common medium roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• Bt—6 to 12 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; friable; common fine and few medium roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; many fine and medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) clay depletions in thin seams between prisms; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btx1—12 to 23 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) fine sandy loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; friable; compact and brittle in about 20 percent of the volume; common fine and few medium roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay depletions on faces of peds; many fine and medium distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions within the matrix; many fine and medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btx2—23 to 30 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) sandy loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; friable; compact and brittle in about 30 percent of the volume; few fine roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct white (10YR 8/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many fine and medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) iron depletions within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btx3—30 to 35 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) sandy loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; friable; compact and brittle in about 50 percent of the volume; few faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct gray (10YR 6/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many fine and medium distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) and light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) iron depletions within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btxg1—35 to 50 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; firm; compact and brittle in about 40 percent of the volume; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct gray (10YR 6/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many medium and coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and common fine distinct light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) masses of iron accumulation within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Btxg2—50 to 62 inches; light gray (10YR 7/1) sandy clay loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; firm; compact and brittle in about 35 percent of the volume; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct gray (10YR 6/1) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many medium and coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and few medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation within the matrix; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• B´tx—62 to 69 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) sandy clay loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; firm; compact and brittle in about 30 percent of the volume; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) clay depletions on vertical faces of peds; many fine and medium distinct gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions within the matrix; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation within the matrix; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• 2Btg—69 to 80 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) clay loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; few fine distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) clay depletions on faces of peds; many medium and coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: More than 60 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1 to 3
• E horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
• Bt horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of gray and brown
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or silt loam
  • Redoximorphic features—iron or clay depletions in shades of gray and brown and masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown and red
• Btx and B´tx horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of red, gray, yellow, and brown
  • Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or silt loam
  • Redoximorphic features—iron or clay depletions in shades of gray and brown and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red and brown
• Btxg horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2
  • Texture—sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or silt loam
  • Redoximorphic features—iron or clay depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown and red
• 2Btg horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 or 2; or no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of red, gray, and brown
  • Texture—clay loam or sandy clay
  • Redoximorphic features—iron or clay depletions in shades of gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of red and brown

Sweatman Series

• Depth class: Very deep
• Drainage class: Well drained
• Permeability: Moderately slow
• Parent material: Stratified clayey and loamy sediments
• Landscape: Coastal Plain uplands
• Landform: Ridges and hills
• Landform position: Summits, side slopes, and backslopes
• Slope: 2 to 35 percent
• Taxonomic class: Fine, mixed, semiactive, thermic Typic Hapludults

Sweatman soils are commonly associated on the landscape with Boswell, Ora, Ruston, Savannah, and Smithdale soils. The moderately well drained Boswell soils are on summits of broad ridges and on toeslopes. The moderately well drained, loamy Ora and Savannah soils are on summits of ridges. The loamy Ruston soils are on summits and shoulder slopes. The loamy Smithdale soils are in positions similar to those of the Sweatman soils.

Typical Pedon

Sweatman fine sandy loam, 5 to 8 percent slopes; in a wooded area about 0.5 mile east of Trenton; 2,400 feet east and 2,150 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 20, T. 4 N., R. 7 E.; USGS Homewood topographic quadrangle: lat. 32 degrees 10 minutes 25 seconds N. and long. 89 degrees 36 minutes 11 seconds W.

• A—0 to 4 inches; dark brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; moderate fine granular structure; friable; common fine and few medium roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
• Bt1—4 to 18 inches; red (2.5YR 5/8) clay; strong medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few very fine pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• Bt2—18 to 27 inches; red (2.5YR 5/8) clay; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• BC—27 to 49 inches; 40 percent light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2), 30 percent red (2.5YR 4/8), and 30 percent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) clay; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; common fine flakes of mica; areas of light brownish gray are iron depletions; areas of red are masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
• C1—49 to 55 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/8) sandy loam; weak medium platy structure; friable; few fine fragments of light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) soft shale; few fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• C2—55 to 74 inches; stratified light reddish brown (5YR 6/4), red (2.5YR 5/8), strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loamy sand; massive, thinly bedded; friable; many fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
• C3—74 to 85 inches; stratified light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) soft shale, strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) sandy loam, and red (2.5YR 5/6) sandy loam; massive, thinly bedded; firm; many fine flakes of mica; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

• Solum thickness: 25 to 50 inches
• Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout the profile, except for the surface layer in areas that have been limed
• A or Ap horizon:
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 to 4
• E horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4
  • Texture—loam or fine sandy loam
• BE horizon (if it occurs):
  • Color—hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4 to 6
  • Texture—loam
• Bt horizon:
  • Color—hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 4 to 8
  • Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay
  • Redoximorphic features—none or few iron depletions in shades of brown
• BC horizon:
  • Color—commonly no dominant matrix color and multicolored in shades of red, yellow, gray, and brown; or hue of 2.5YR to 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 6 to 8
  • Texture—sandy loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, clay, or silty clay
  • Redoximorphic features—few to many iron depletions in shades of brown and gray and masses of iron accumulation in shades of brown, red, and gray
  • Other features—none to common soft shale fragments